Lack of Freight Transport Connectivity Free Sample for Students

Questions: 1What are the Lack of Freight Transport Connectivity due to different Track Gauge.2.Explain the key Differences between Traditional Freight Service and last-mile Logistics or delivery in the Context of the Case Study3.Give the Reasons why Trucks are Preferred over Other Modes for the last-Mile Delivery. Answers: Freight Transport Management 1.Lack of freight transport connectivity due to different track gauge The first move towards promotion of intermodal transport is ensuring that road and rail networks are improved. There are good rail transport networks in Asia. The rail networks include the Trans-Asian Railway, Singapore-Kinming Rail network and the Asian Highway (Regni and Hanaoka 2011, 37). The railways were originally invented so that they could carry freight. The international connectivity of rail transport in Asia has faced one major challenge. There is the issue of break of railway gauge. Most of the railway tracks in Asian countries have varying gauges. The common railway gauges in Asia are 1000mm, 1435m, 1067 mm, 1676 mm and 1520mm. The varying railway gauges breaks the connectivity at the boarders of the Asian countries. The different railway gauges at the borders of the Asian countries makes it completely impossible to transport rolling stock across the borders. The orders of the freight goods have to improvise a way that ensures that goods are there is continuous connectivity across the borders. The activities that take place are the borders of Asian countries are tiresome. The operations include the manual transhipment of the transported goods from one cargo wagon to another (Regni and Hanaoka 2011, 19-21). There are principles of connectivity (transport). It is necessary for the principles to be followed to the latter. Such a move would ensure that there is continuous connectivity of railway rail from one Asian country to another. One principle of connectivity states that a good railway network should be robust, resilient, repairable and responsive ( Rose 2014, 5). The Asian countries constructed their railway many years ago when there was no international trace. However, today there is a great need of international trade between the Asian countries. The constructors of the railway lines never took into account that that uncertainty can arise at any given time. It was necessary for the constructors to build the railway networks that are resilient, robust and repairable. The Asian railways have not been repaired at the borders so as to allow for freight connectivity from one country to another. The engineers who build the railway line failed to plan ahead and put in place a railway system that would be repairable and adjustable. If the principle of connectivity would have been observed by the then engineers who built the Asian railway line then the current challenges would have been resolved with ease. The various varying railway gauges in the Asian countries would have been adjusted to a standard gauge. A standard gauge railway would have ensured that there is continuous connectivity of railway transport in the entire Asian continent ( Rose 2014, 6). 2.Explanation of the key differences between traditional freight service and last-mile logistics or delivery in the context of the case study Last-mile freight delivery is the most suited for Business to business e.g. for the delivery of goods from manufacturers warehouses to retailers store. It is the most preferred because last-mile freight s capable of delivering bulky goods from oversees manufactures. Last-mile freight service is also more suitable for Business to customers (B2C) deliveries (Voortman 2004, 34). B2B is the delivery of retailers products from manufacturers warehouse direct to the homes of the customers. Since the emergence of online shopping, many customers have been able to order bulky commodities online from wholesale stores in foreign countries. Some of these goods may require modification on the means of transport in order for them to reach their designated locations (Partridge 2011, 177). Last-mile delivery can be adjusted to accommodate all sides of goods that may be ordered by customers. However, the delivery comes with a huge challenge in Business to customers. Retailers have been faced with the problem of building networks for delivery contractors (Smalley 1993, 43-49). As a result, the last-mile market has highly been fragmented. Last-mile delivery use of large CTUs is better than traditional freight service in terms of better economies of scale. The use of large CTU by last-mile delivery means that more bulky goods can be transported at the same time, saving time and cost of transportation. When it comes to simultaneous multiple small deliveries that navigate through narrow lanes, traditional fright service is better in using small CTUs. It would also result in better economies of scale. Traditional freight services are designed to fit in the small and standardized roads. They are therefore able to transport goods through narrow lanes (Partridge 2011, 177). Traditional freight service is mainly for FTL since they are designed for fixed small and medium sized goods. Traditional freight services are also designed to transport goods that fully fit onto their carrier. Last-mile deliveries on the other hand are mainly for LTL because they are meant to transport large goods as well as small sized goods. Last mile delivery is usually for long haul delivery while traditional freight service is meant for short localised trips. Traditional freight service is mainly for break-bulk or consumer packs because the goods are in medium sizes which can fit well on freight transport services (Partridge 2011, 177). Last-mile delivery on the other hand is meant for higher level utilised loads. Higher level utilised loads are bulky and cannot easily fit on traditional freight service. 3.Reasons why trucks are preferred over other modes for the last-mile delivery Trucks are preferred over other modes because they are able to provide door-to door services. They can carry all the customers goods from a given terminal and deliver them safely. Other modes mainly operate on terminal-to-terminal delivery and hence not appropriate. There are many truck drivers compared to other modes of transport. Flexibility of road network in the areas where the customers are located is another factor that promotes the use of trucks in final delivery over other modes (Voortman 2004, 4-9). Trucks are flexible and can access areas that are inaccessible to other modes of transport (Michel 2015). Trucks have a relatively small carrying capacity which allows smooth rides to the customers locations. There are different variations of trucks in terms of CTU. There are trucks with refrigeration and general cargo trucks among others. They are therefore capable of delivering many types of goods based on their nature and conditions. There are tracks designed for refrigerated commodities, general cargo, heavy cargo, commodities that are affected by changes in weather etc. The case study talks about heavy and bulky goods that are to be transported (Speed Global services 2014, 27-28). The transport requirement for this case would be trucks with CTU meant for heavy cargo. All home deliveries are not the same, customers have varying sizes and nature of goods despite the fact that they may all be heavy. Trucks therefore offer the best mode of transport in such cases (Patrice 2016, 52). Trucks have an added advantage during loading and unloading. It is possible to de-couple the power unit that is always connected to the trailer. The efficiency of the prime mover is hence improved since the idle time of the prime mover is greatly limited. Trucks are powered by diesel fuel which is easily available (Speed Global services 2014, 29). Diesel fuel is common since it is used to operate many machines in the manufacturing and agriculture industry. In addition, diesel is much cheaper compared to petrol. At the same time, diesel engines have greater pulling power required for heavy loads. Trucks are therefore very cost effective compared to other modes of transport. References Rose, Jonathan F.P. 2014. "5 Crucial Principles for 21st Century Transportation Systems." Citylab-infrastructure 5-6. Madan B. Regni, and Shinya Hanaoka. 2011. "Promoting intermodal freight transport through the development of dry ports in Asia: An environmental perspective." Science Direct 13-15. Michel, Roberto . 2015. "Logistics best practises." Logistics management 23-27. Partridge, Amy Roach . 2011. "The last mile lasting impact." Onbound logistics 177. Patrice. 2016. "Truck transportation." Econonord 53. Smalley, Gary . 1993. Intermodal Freight Transportation: Combined Rail-Truck Service Offers Public Benefits, But Challenges Remain. Diane publishing. Speed Global services. 2014. "Advantages of truck transportation." Speed global services 18-31. Voortman, Craig . 2004. Global Logistics Management. Juta and Company Ltd

Organizational studies and human resource management

Successful business organizations rely on the ability of its employees to work efficiently and effectively in attaining organization goals and objectives. Key vital components for business managers to count and thrive on success include well organized leadership skilled in conflict resolution, best business practices, and excellent leadership style.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational studies and human resource management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Good leadership is characterized by active listening, excellent communication abilities, and the ability to regularly hold meetings with company employees. Excellent motivation and compensation practices embedded in an organization’s job description and job design should be integrated in an organization’s business culture. These could help address problems associated with insufficient compensation for the flight attendants of the business organization in question (Human Resources, 2010). Adequate compensation plans coupled with good organizational and individual culture when efficiently utilized could act as a driving force in employee effectiveness in reaching the business organization’s goals. A well tailored job design incorporated in the business organization could be an effective organizational tool in addressing employee needs in addition to meeting organizational goals and objectives. This calls upon good leadership in the identified case study to evaluate the flight attendants current jobs and carry out job enlargement schemes for the underutilized employees to achieve organizational efficiency (Advancing Employee Productivity, 2010). According to the article Advancing Employee Productivity (2010), the job enrichment program could motivate de-motivated employees. Employees should be assigned sufficient work units for the period they are at work, information on work progress should be collected on a re gular basis, specific tasks should be assigned those employees with specialized skills, and employees should be made to exercise authority and freedom in the workplace. These could result in adequate employee satisfaction. Another approach the management could adapt is Hertzberg’s checklist in job design. The components incorporated in the checklists include conducting a cost benefit analysis on technical changes and incorporating those with the least costs, analyzing the causes of job dissatisfaction, integrating performance improvement measures, analyzing the cost implications in hygiene, and initiating change (Advancing Employee Productivity, 2010). All members in a business organization should work with concerted effort in initiating and bringing about change. In addition, business managers should be well skilled in change management initiatives to ensure a smooth transition.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Brainstorming employees on the type of changes to be incorporated in the change initiatives inspires and prepares them for culture change. Motivational factors should address each employee and the right mechanisms should be used in motivating them. However, when conducting a job design, employee involvement may be undesirable as bias and other conflicts may be generated. In addition to this, change should be evaluated effectively. Culture acts as a driving force in individuals. Staffing schedule could be addressed by incorporating the element of culture in the organization’s employees based on individual responsibilities. Individual needs could be incorporated in the scheduling scheme to address employee needs, making the working environment conducive. Good leadership skills could help the business managers address inefficiencies experienced in staffing by addressing individual and organizational needs. Good leadership is character ized by honesty and integrity. According to Lindenberger (1999), a good leader must address employee needs in a competent manner by clearly setting goals and objectives and communicating these to the respective employees. Employee involvement should be incorporated. A forward looking business manager with inspiring qualities, characterized by fair-mindedness and intelligence with straight forward imaginative skills, should steer the organization from its current position which spells doom to a brighter future. Personal issues such as culture, the type of work, employee needs and responsibilities, organizational needs, should form key elements in employee scheduling (What are the Skills Needed to be a Good Manager, 2000). References Advancing Employee Productivity. (2010). The Characteristics of a Leader: Demonstrating Good Leadership Skills. Web. Human Resources. (2010). Employee Motivation, Recognition, Rewards, Retention. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational studies and human resource management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lindenberger, J. (1999). Management and Human Resources. Web. What are the Skills Needed to be a Good Manager. (2000). Web. This essay on Organizational studies and human resource management was written and submitted by user Haven F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Social Justice Issues Essay Topics

Social Justice Issues Essay TopicsStudents should create a list of social justice issues and discuss the solutions in the topic areas on their essay. Remember that your students will also be reading this material, so make it fun, interesting, and easy to understand.Students should focus on current events such as Ferguson, Eric Garner, and the many other social justice issues currently going on. They should also be able to address the candidates who are running for office in order to determine how they might deal with these issues. In addition, students should not overlook issues that are in the news that affects them directly.Students can talk about why they are speaking out against injustice and talk about why they feel strongly about the issues at hand. Students may also want to talk about what steps they are taking to change their lives for the better. Students should also talk about what they hope to gain from this experience. This will help to bring them out of the paper and int o conversation.Students should also talk about the different candidates for each issue. This will allow them to talk about what issues they are interested in and what issues are being pushed by the candidates. In addition, they can talk about who they do not like and why.The discussion will be more authentic when students discuss the issues that they find to be important and talk about the candidates that they dislike. This will let them talk about their thinking process and will provide insight into the candidates' personality.A good way to keep this conversation interesting is to talk about what the students want to gain from the debate. This allows them to ask questions about the candidates' record and goals and to evaluate them accordingly. By having a conversation about the issues that matter most to them, students will be more motivated to talk about the issues in the class and will be more willing to learn about the candidates.Students should also be encouraged to have conver sations about the issues on their list before the election takes place. By talking to one another about these issues, students will be able to better understand what is going on in their communities in general. After the election, they can ask the candidates questions that they may have had but thought were off limits because of fear of political backlash.In conclusion, engaging in a discussion with your classmates about the current social issues that are most important to you can be a great discussion topic. It will give your classmates an opportunity to talk about the candidates and why they are running for office.

Essay on Data Protection

Essay on Data Protection Essay on Data Protection COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE â€Å"Main issues concerning proper data protection and security† A paper by: Barbara Grabowska 15.06.2004 Introduction: Nowadays the right product or service is no longer the key to success, nor are the money, resources or skills. Nowadays the most precious asset in each business is INFORMATION. Information is generated from proper data, therefore the data security and protection is a crucial issue for all organizations - no matter whether talking in the business, politics, military context, no matter - macro on micro scale. A proper data protection is a very important but also very complex process. We may distinguish six basic issues that need to be considered when implementing a proper data security system. 1.Physical protection Rooms: Separated room with limited access and strengthened door (for instance with a tin ware). The entrance should be equipped with alarm system. The only people that have an access to the data should be: administrator, employees responsible for data processing and possibly people accompanied by the authorized people. All devices as well as informatic systems used for data processing, supplied with electric power, have to be secured from data loss caused by power damages or interruption. Data processing stations should be obligatory supported with uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Power and Charging Units should be equipped with supertension filter. Safes: Incombustible cabinets used for warehousing and storage of optical and magnetooptical carriers are integral part of each and every data protection system. This kind of cabinet is a physical protection of the carriers from water, gas and fire treatments as well as from unauthorized people. It also assures the proper humidity and temperature. Access keys: The point of process of authorization in most of the cases is possession of the proper identifier and the password, but there also exist systems based on hardware solutions. This kind of solutions are much safer method of authorization, because identifiers with passwords are usually not properly secured by the users. One of the main users’ "sins" is that they write down their passwords on the little post-it notes on the computer screen. Another common one is that the users commit creation of passwords from simple dates or words that are easy to associate with the user. Equipment solutions give much more possibilities of security form undesirable access. The solution that is used most often is special access key that is being connected to input/output interface in the computer. The application of authorization as a physical unique element increases substantially the safety of the whole system. It is crucial to remember that the loss of confidentiality of identificator and the password is the most often cause of somebody else braking into a computer system. 2.Archivization Methods and frequency of making emergency copies: Making emergency copies is a part of Security Administrator duties, and it should be performed in a strict accordance to set schedule. Special attention should be put to the marking of the carriers and its compatibility with the marking in the schedule. The process of making copies should be performed on a daily basis. The data on the carriers should not be overwritten more often than once in 14 days. Once a month one carrier with an emergency copy of backup level 0 should be stored in archives together with a proper note in Emergency Backup Journal (or other suitable protocol). Fields in the protocol that have to be filled obligatory are: date of realization, signature of the person controlling propriety of the process, unique carrier marking. Each time a carrier is gathered from the place of its storage as well as each remission of data must be noted in the protocol. The carriers stored in the archives can be remitted for normal use after one calendar year.

A Bathing ape

This assessment is aiming to outline the marketing strategies of the â€Å"A Bathing Ape† company from several viewpoints. A Bathing Ape Company, which formed and took off in Japan, they manufacture a mixture of products and service on a global scale. Nigo, a Japanese DJ founded the company in 1993. The brand popularity was one of main purpose of their success, even though they have a high pricing policy. However, their supplies are not equal to their demands their customers desired product and their production is limited. Therefore the buyer has to be fast in deciding if he wants the product before it goes out of stock. A Bathing Ape targets the hip hop and fashion scene (Rocherfort). This scarce amount of manufacturing gives the customers a uniqueness feeling, which leads to a high customer satisfaction. There will be further detailed information on the company’s marketing policies afterwards in the report. This project has been done by a group five student for the module â€Å"Principles of Marketing† and it is based on the marketing tactic of 4 Ps. There have been a number of research strategies such as online sources, observation, articles, interviewing a store manager, and sources from the university library. The report and its allied presentation are due on Monday 22nd of November 2010. Company history There are 19 stores in Japan. The other three countries are Hong Kong, London, Paris, and New York, which will be mentioned about more. A Bathing Ape clothing is produced in limited amounts as they are very exclusive and this enables the company to set their price higher than other brands. Many well-known celebrities such as Lil Wayne, Pharrell Williams, Jay Z, Kid Cudi, and Robbie Williams collaborate with A Bathing Ape marketing strategies (Hall, 2005). The business also manufactures shoes and clothing as well as accessories and toys. These products are manufactured and distributed only by A Bathing Ape and their â€Å"Busy Works† stores around the world. Their exclusivity and celebrity endorsements have been profitable for the brand. People use A Bathing Ape products to their advantage as their constantly changes their products in stores, which makes consumers trade A Bathing Ape products. Kid Cudi (the rapper) used to work at A Bathing Ape store in New York until he made it big in the hip-hop industry. Kid Cudi now has teamed up with Nigo and they use Kid Cudis fame to their marketing advantage. They also release special edition t-shirts at these events. The A Bathing Ape Company also operates Bape Hair Salon and they have cafes known as â€Å"Bape!? † They also have futuristic designed shops with designed glass displays and gives technological shopping experiences. A Bathing Ape was one of the first companies to introduce Kevlar clothing into urban wear as a product. Nigo’s designs foreshadowed the urban hip-hop style that has come to prevail as a dominant youth fashion in Japan. A Bathing Apes product, place, price and promotion will be discussed more in depth. Product The Bathing Ape brand has a wide range of unique products. A Bathing Ape makes products such as toys, jeans, bags, monogrammed condoms, Iphone cases, underwear, watches, t-shirts, polo’s and shoes. A Bathing Ape sets their prices high as there products can be limited and traded. Nigo has designed most of the company’s products. A Bathing Ape clothing is well recognized because of its flashy designs and original artwork. The company also has unique packaging for their products. They introduced the Tee Box, which is a glass metal box which polo shirts come in and have other t shirts in free hanging boxes. A Bathing Ape always collaborates with other brands to combine products. Some companies that A Bathing Ape has collaborated with is Pepsi, M*A*C, and Carhartt. The logo and theme were derived from the original movie â€Å"Planet of the Apes. † A Bathing Apes logo can be found on all of their products. As A Bathing Ape offers the market a wide range of products such as dog clothing to sunglasses it can attract a large market. Nigo labeled â€Å"Ape Shall Never Kill Ape† on most of his products when he was first becoming recognized. Nigo gave his products to famous Japanese artist to wear during their performances to increase the brands exposure. What makes A Bathing Apes products so valuable is that they don’t mass-produce like other companies. A Bathing Ape does not only offer products to the market but services as well. The business operates Bape Cafes, Bape Galleries, Bape Cuts (Hair salon) and they even have Bape TV as well as a record label. A Bathing Ape is known for their camouflage designs as it their classic pattern. The company’s products first began appearing on the back streets of Tokyo’s edgy neighborhood (Pollock, 2008). Place The Bathing Apes stores are located globally . Because it is a high- end brand their stores need to be located in famous central areas. For example London’s Carnaby Street is known for its unique and limited edition clothing. Further these popular areas have brands such as Adidas placed there, with their limited edition stores, as do many other brands. The London store is nothing compared to the interior decor that the other stores use to attract customers. Aoyama the A Bathing Ape store in Japan has very technological designs. Shoes are placed behind a glass cage on a rotating conveyer belt and t-shirts come down tubes with just the push of a button. The emphasis of changing lights and colorful designed clothes attract their customers. A Bathing Ape store also provides their staff with A Bathing Ape clothing to wear while they work. This similar strategy is used by many other brands such as Hollister, Abercrombie and Fitch, and Polo. The Hong Kong Bape store is the largest Nigo owns its 2 levels high and located in the centre of the city. The store has huge pictures of Nigo and A Bathing Ape characters to advertise their brand. The company store De Colette in Paris is the only store that features individual areas for other brands such as Billionaire Boys Club and Ice Cream. De Colette also has a unique designed cafe, which adds to the A Bathing Ape shopping experience. The store in New York uses the same concept as the other stores. Promotion A Bathing Apes style of promotion is very distinctive to other clothing brands as they do not want to tarnish their brand image they never lower the price of their clothing or have sales. The brand knows that many of their products the demand exceeds the supply greatly and they use this to their advantage for example A Bathing Ape shark hoodies were sold for ? 300 but once they were immediately sold out people were reportedly paying into the thousands for them. The main way in which A Bathing Ape promotes its self without tarnishing the brand image is smart they collaborate with other brands such as Adidas on some pairs of limited edition sneakers. A Bathing Ape does promotions like this all the time with many other well-known brands such as Carhartt. By doing these type of promotions they get a lot of publicity as well as more outside interest in their brand and still charge more than their usual price. A Bathing Ape also collaborate with many well-known celebrities such as Kanye West, Kid Cudi and Ian brown on selected items, which would be made even more limited edition. When A Bathing Ape produce all of these items they will make sure they get every detail of their design even into their packaging for example the A Bathing Ape x Marvel sneakers are packed into toy like packaging which makes the product stand out on shelves and look unique. A Bathing Ape is a company which has products on sale which are constantly a promotional products such as during the summer they released A Bathing Ape x Birkenstocks which where A Bathing Ape monogrammed Birkenstock sandals this would be just one of their summer collaborations. By collaborating with brands like Adidas and Birkenstock who already have a large customer base this would attract a lot of attention to the bathing ape brand. With promotions like these help both of the brands market their products for example when A Bathing Ape teamed up with Casio and re designed the classic G-shock watch, which was a top seller during the 90’s era. The watches were first released in ceramic white and mate black they turned out to be top sellers and only 1500 of each were produced many people wanted to get their hands on one of these watches because they were on the front page of magazines and constantly in music videos. Not long after the replica market noticed the demand for A Bathing Ape goods and started producing the replicas of the watches so that most of the public were able to obtain a replica. A Bathing Ape mainly relies on hip-hop celebrities to market their brand via music videos and in their lyrics. They are not just targeting a stereotype they are targeting a lifestyle. Price A Bathing Ape has an effective pricing policy that runs throughout all their stores. The company uses the same pricing range for their product globally. A Bathing Ape does not have discounts on their products making them all valuable. Additionally they do not have wholesale and seasonal pricing. They also keep their exclusivity by not dealing with retail stores. Another good aspect of the A Bathing Ape’s pricing method is that they offer Bape cards in which customers can earn credit points by purchasing products. This also is beneficial to the company as they can study shopping patterns to see which products are in demand. Their limited edition products never depreciate in value which mean even the used good may value more expensive that the brand new of the same products. For instant, because of their limited edition production policy, a used pair of shoes would cost more when it is out of stock. Conclusion: To conclude, the four P’s of the marketing mix play a huge role in the success of A Bathing Ape. The company produces and sells a wide variety of products that attract most target markets. They sell products from t-shirts, jeans and shoes to toys and pencil cases to watches. All of the products the company produces are limited edition so they run out quickly. This technique makes the customers go to the store as quickly as possible and buy the product they want as soon as it comes out into stores. The company also promotes its brand name by making deals with huge multinational corporations such as Pepsi. The prices of A Bathing Ape’s products are the same in every single country that they have stores in. The company doesn’t usually have discounts or sales in specific stores. The prices of the products always remain the same no matter what part of the year it is. A Bathing Ape has stores in many countries around the world including Japan, Hong Kong, United Kingdom and the United States. The locations of the company’s stores are in the very urban parts of the city, especially within large shopping centers.

Tracing the development of painting Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tracing the development of painting - Term Paper Example The essay "Tracing the development of painting" discovers the development of painting. The chronological discussion of painting styles proves the difference in visual characteristics but with a number of similarities and are related to each other in some way or other. This painting style was originated around 1600s and influenced the following centuries. Besides, this form of painting style is rich and deep in color, and the intense usage of light and shadow. The exponents of Baroque style made use of the most exact moment or the dramatic point of events arouse emotionality in the minds of viewers. One of the best examples for Baroque as a painting style is The Deposition by Caravaggio. Neoclassicism dominated the European art from 18th century to 19th century. Neoclassicism was basically a reaction against Rococo style in European Art. As a painting style, Neoclassicism gave due importance to Roman and Greek art. Its influence is not limited to the sphere of painting, but it extends to other forms of art like literature and architecture. One of the best examples for Neoclassicism as a painting style is The Death of Marat by Jacques-Louis David. Realism originated in Europe, especially in France, in 1850s. Besides, it was a movement against Romanticism. Realism was totally against the emotionalism projected by Romanticism, and was in favor of the ideology of Objective Realism. So, truth and accuracy were the fundamental principles of Realism in painting. In short, realism gave due importance.... Impressionism: Impressionism originated in Paris, as an Art movement in 19th century. The name Impressionism is originated from Claude Monet’s art work, namely ‘Impression, Sunrise’. The usage of thin brushstrokes, perfect lighting, usage of ordinary subjects, and strange visual angles are some of its main characteristics. One of the best examples for Impressionism is The Abduction of Egypt by Shwidkiy Andrey (see appendix -4). Post-Impressionism: Post-Impressionism was developed in France during 1880s. Roger Fry, the renowned British Art critic was behind the creation of the term Post-Impressionism. Post-Impressionism was an extension of Impressionism, but rejected the limitations of Impressionism. The exponents of Post-Impressionism gave more importance to geometric forms. The usage of unnatural color in paintings is one of the most important features of Post-Impressionism. One of the best examples for Post-Impressionism is Sunflowers by Vincent van Gogh (See ap pendix – 5). Cubism: Cubism transformed the scenario of painting in Europe and deeply influenced other forms of art like sculpture and music. The basic element of Cubism is to break down the object, analyze it, and to re- assemble the same. This helps the painter to present the art work with difference in subject matter. The usage of random angles is the most important aspect of cubism. One of the best examples for Cubism is Guernica by Pablo Picasso (see appendix-7). Geometric abstraction: Geometric abstraction is based on abstract art. Besides, it is based on non-objective and two dimensional models. It rejects exaggeration and illusionistic modes of painting and makes use of canvas as

Compartive review of two books relevance to South Asian history Research Paper

Compartive review of two books relevance to South Asian history - Research Paper Example Attempting a comparative study of these two eminent personalities one should first of all focus on their background. The people of India keep everlasting memories about Subhas Chandra Bose even after fifty years of his death, but he is not much popular to many of the westerners. As the extremist leader of the Provisional Government of Free India after its establishment by the Axis powers during World War II, many regard him as the Asian Hitler or Quisling. But he was soon forgotten just after the Allies defeated his Indian National army. For the Indians, he is still â€Å"Netaji† or "revered leader." Mother Theresa, the Nun Mother was born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu in Skopje, Macedonia, on August 26, 1910. She was born to Albanian descent parents and it is said that she had the call of God at the age of twelve. This prompted her in joining the sisters of Loreto, an Irish community of nuns with missions in India (The Nobel Peace Prize 1979). When Mother was assigned to India after her initial vows as a nun, she happened to meet the pathetic state of the poor people outside the convent wall and decided to uplift their dismal state. Though she was devoid of any funds to support them, she herself felt that she had the Divine Providence which helped her all through her life. This selfless and endless sympathy along with kindness for the fellow beings, make her different and it is the same that earned her The Nobel Peace Prize in 1979. Therefore, analyzing the biography of Netaji and Mother, one can certainly identify certain similarities; both fought for the freedom of people, Netaji for physical freedom and Mother for spiritual freedom and the main contrasts are concerned with Netaji as an extremist leader and Mother as the one followed non-violence like Mahatma Gandhi to attain her goals. 1) What subject matter does each author cover? The texts selected here for comparing and contrasting the characters of Mother Theresa and Subhas Chandra Bose are; "Subhas Chan dra Bose: a biography" (2002) by Marshall J. Getz and, "Mother Teresa: helping the poor" (1998) by William Jay Jacobs. Both the texts attempt a down to earth study of the given personalities without avoiding even the minute details. This is quite identifiable when observing the way the authors arrange the texts. Marshall J. Getz has arranged his book, â€Å"Subhas Chandra Bose: a biography† very systematically, beginning with the childhood of Netaji. The text has a logical sequence of development in the arrangement of incidents occurred in his life. The minute observation of the author is quite visible when he narrates Netaji’s father, Janakinath, a lawyer. Here the author, Marshall J. Getz writes, â€Å"His father, Jnakinath Bose, enjoyed an outstanding reputation as a lawyer among the local population of 20,000† (7). The subject matter of this book is concerned with Subhas Chandra Bose, his childhood, towering as a great political leader, the factors helped fo r attaining this position, his path-by putting an end to education and beginning politics, visits to foreign countries intended to seek help and support for his Indian National Army, and so on. The author has colorfully portrayed his towering as ‘Netaji’ and as the darling of the Axis. The chapter entitled; ‘The falling Tiger’ describing his disappearance and death, which is still left as a mystery. William Jay Jacobs has